单个文件
diff -uN old-file new-file > new-file.patch
已知old-file和new-file.patch，将old-file改为new-file
patch -p0 < new-file.patch
已知new-file和new-file.patch，将new-file还原为old-file
patch -R -p0 < new-file.patch
多个文件含目录
diff -uNr old-dir new-dir > new-dir.patch
打补丁
patch -p1 < new-dir.patch
恢复
patch -R -p1 < new-dir.patch